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A-Level Chemistry: Organic Mechanisms: SN1 vs SN2, E1 vs E2

By Intuitional Team1 min read

A-Level Chemistry — Organic Mechanisms: SN1 vs SN2, E1 vs E2: quick notes, common traps, and an exam-style example.

SN1 mechanism

Two-step: first, leaving group departs → carbocation; then nucleophile attacks. Rate depends only on [substrate]. Favoured by tertiary halogenoalkanes, polar protic solvents.

SN2 mechanism

One-step: nucleophile attacks as leaving group leaves. Rate depends on [substrate][nucleophile]. Favoured by primary halogenoalkanes, strong nucleophiles, polar aprotic solvents.

Exam habits

  • Draw curly arrows clearly.
  • Note inversion of configuration for SN2 (Walden inversion).
  • For SN1, mention racemisation if chiral centre forms.

Tags

A-LevelChemistryOrganic Mechanisms